Isaiah 17:6
WEB
Yet gleanings will be left there, like the shaking of an olive tree, two or three olives in the top of the uppermost bough, four or five in the outermost branches of a fruitful tree,” says Yahweh, the God of Israel.
BSB
Yet gleanings will remain, like an olive tree that has been beaten— two or three berries atop the tree, four or five on its fruitful branches,” declares the LORD, the God of Israel.
KJV
¶ Yet gleaning grapes shall be left in it, as the shaking of an olive tree, two or three berries in the top of the uppermost bough, four or five in the outmost fruitful branches thereof, saith the LORD God of Israel.
Matthew Henry
Hebrew interlinear
H7604
v — swell, be, make, redundant
Derivation: a primitive root;
properly, to swell up, i.e. be (causatively, make) redundant
KJV: leave, (be) left, let, remain, remnant, reserve, the rest.
vb — remain
שָׁאַר 133 vb. remain, be left over
Qalthe youngest still remains
Niph.
1. be left over
2. be left behind
Hiph.
1. leave over, spare
2. leave or keep over
3. the city shall have 100 left
4. leave as a gift
H5955
n-f — gleanings, gleaning-time
Derivation: feminine active participle of 5953;
only in plural gleanings; by extension gleaning-time
KJV: (gleaning) (of the) grapes, grapegleanings.
n.f.pl.intens — gleaning
עֹלֵלוֹת n.f.pl.intens. gleaning (going over a second time)
H5363
H2132
n-m — olive, tree, branch, berry
Derivation: probably from an unused root (akin to 2099);
an olive (as yielding illuminating oil), the tree, the branch or the berry
KJV: olive (tree, -yard), Olivet.
n.m — olive-tree
זַ֫יִת n.m. olive-tree, olive
1. olive-tree
2. of fruit of olive-tree, olives
3. in designations of place
H8147
n — two, twofold
Derivation: dual of 8145; feminine שְׁתַּיִם;
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
KJV: both, couple, double, second, twain, twelfth, twelve, twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two.
n.m — two
שְׁנַ֫יִם, שְׁתַּיִם 768 n.m. et f. du. two
H7969
n — three, third, thrice
Derivation: or שָׁלֹשׁ; masculine שְׁלוֹשָׁה; or שְׁלֹשָׁה; a primitive number;
three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
KJV: fork, often(-times), third, thir(-teen, -teenth), three, thrice. Compare 7991.
n.m — a three
שָׁלֹשׁ, שָׁלוֹשׁ, שְׁלֹשָׁה 430 n.m. et f. a three, triad
H1620
n-m — berry, rumination
Derivation: by reduplication from 1641;
a berry (as if a pellet of rumination)
KJV: berry.
H7218
n-m — head
Derivation: from an unused root apparently meaning to shake;
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
KJV: band, beginning, captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company, end, × every (man), excellent, first, forefront, (be-)head, height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), × lead, × poor, principal, ruler, sum, top.
n.pr.gent — Rôsh
רֹאשׁ n.pr.gent. Rôsh
n.m — head
רֹאשׁ 599 n.m.
1.
a. (c. 230 t.) head, of human being
b. head, of animals
2.
a. top (88 t.)
b. height, of stars
3.
a. head = chief (man)
b. = chief (city)
c. chief nation
d. = chief (place, position)
e. = chief priest
f. = head of a family
4.
a. head = front, leader's place
b. of time, beginning, of night watch
c. of things, river-heads
5. chief, choicest, best, of spices
6. head = division of army, company, band
7. = sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
8. other phr.
H534
n-m — summit
Derivation: apparently from 559 (in the sense of self-exaltation);
a summit (of a tree or mountain)
KJV: bough, branch.
n.m — top
אָמִיר n.m. top, summit, of tree
H702
n — four
Derivation: masculine אַרְבָּעָה; from 7251;
four
KJV: four.
four
אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה four
H2568
n — five
Derivation: masculine חֲמִשָּׁה; a primitive numeral;
five
KJV: fif(-teen), fifth, five (× apiece).
n.m — five
חָמֵשׁ, חֲמִשָּׁה 342 n.m. and f. five
H5585
n-m — fissure, bough, subdivided
Derivation: from 5586;
a fissure (of rocks); also a bough (as subdivided)
KJV: (outmost) branch, clift, top.
n.[m.] — cleft
[סָעִיף] n.[m.] 1. cleft. 2. branch
H6509
v — bear fruit
Derivation: a primitive root;
to bear fruit (literally or figuratively)
KJV: bear, bring forth (fruit), (be, cause to be, make) fruitful, grow, increase.
vb — bear fruit
[פָּרָה] vb. bear fruit, be fruitful
Qal
1. of men and animals
2. of vine
Hiph.
1. cause to bear fruit
2. make fruitful
3. shew fruitfulness, bear fruit
H5002
n-m — oracle
Derivation: from 5001;
an oracle
KJV: (hath) said, saith.
n.m — utterance
נְאֻם 376 n.m. utterance
H3068
n-pr — Existent, Jeho-vah
Derivation: from 1961;
(the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
n.pr.dei — God
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
I. יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
II.
1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
2. the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
H430
n-m — gods, God, magistrates
Derivation: plural of 433;
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative
KJV: angels, × exceeding, God (gods) (-dess, -ly), × (very) great, judges, × mighty.
n.m.pl — gods
אֱלֹהִים 2570 n.m.pl.
1. pl. in number.
a. rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power
b. divine ones, superhuman beings including God and angels
c. angels
d. gods
2. pl. intensive
a. god or goddess
b. godlike one
c. works of God, or things belongng to him
d. God
3. הָאֱלֹהִים the (true) God
4. אֱלֹהִים = God
H3478
n-pr-m — he will rule as God, Jisraël
Derivation: from 8280 and 410;
he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
KJV: Israel.
n.pr.m — Israel
יִשְׂרָאֵל 2507 n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth)
1. n.pr.m. second name of Jacob
2. n.pr.gent. name of Hebrew nation
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Verses 6–8
Isaiah 17:6–8
Mercy is here reserved, in a parenthesis, in the midst of judgment, for a remnant that should escape the common ruin of the kingdom of the ten tribes. Though the Assyrians took all the care they could that none should slip out of their net, yet the meek of the earth were hidden in the day of the Lord's anger, and had their lives given them for a prey and made comfortable to them by their retirement to the land of Judah, where they had the liberty of God's courts. 1. They shall be but a small remnant, a very few, who shall be marked for preservation (Isa 17:6): Gleaning grapes shall be left in it. The body of the people were carried into captivity, but here and there one was left behind, perhaps one of two in a bed when the other was taken, Luk 17:34. The most desolating judgments in this world are short of the last judgment, which shall be universal and which none shall escape. In times of the greatest calamity some are kept safe, as in times of the greatest degeneracy some are kept pure. But the fewness of those that escape supposes the captivity of the far greatest part; those that are left are but like the poor remains of an olive tree when it has been carefully shaken by the owner; if there be two or three berries in the top of the uppermost bough (out of the reach of those that shook it), that is all. Such is the remnant according to the election of grace, very few in comparison with the multitudes that walk on in the broad way. 2. They shall be a sanctified remnant, Isa 17:7, Isa 17:8. These few that are preserved are such as, in the prospect of the judgment approaching, had repented of their sins and reformed their lives, and therefore were snatched thus as brands out of the burning, or such as having escaped, and becoming refugees in strange countries, were awakened, partly by a sense of the distinguishing mercy of their deliverance, and partly by the distresses they were still in, to return to God. (1.) They shall look up to their Creator, shall enquire, Where is God my Maker, who giveth songs in the night, in such a night of affliction as this? Job 35:10, Job 35:11. They shall acknowledge his hand in all the events concerning them, merciful and afflictive, and shall submit to his hand. They shall give him the glory due to his name, and be suitably affected with his providences. They shall expect relief and succour from him and depend upon him to help them. Their eyes shall have respect to him, as the eyes of a servant to the hand of his master, Psa 123:2. Observe, It is our duty at all times to have respect to God, to have our eyes ever towards him, both as our Maker (the author of our being and the God of nature) and as the Holy One of Israel, a God in covenant with us and the God of grace; particularly, when we are in affliction, our eyes must be towards the Lord, to pluck our feet out of the net (Psa 25:15); to bring us to this is the design of his providence as he is our Maker and the work of his grace as he is the Holy One of Israel. (2.) They shall look off from their idols, the creatures of their own fancy, shall no longer worship them, and seek to them, and expect relief from them. For God will be alone regarded, or he does not look upon himself as at all regarded. He that looks to his Maker must not look to the altars, the work of his hands, but disown them and cast them off, must not retain the least respect for that which his fingers have made, but break it to pieces, though it be his own workmanship - the groves and the images; the word signifies images made in honour of the sun and by which he was worshipped, the most ancient and most plausible idolatry, Deu 4:19; Job 31:26. We have reason to account those happy afflictions which part between us and our sins, and by sensible convictions of the vanity of the world, that great idol, cool our affections to it and lower our expectations from it.
Cross-references: Isa 17:6 · Luke 17:34 · Isa 17:7 · Isa 17:8 · Job 35:10 · Job 35:11 · Ps 123:2 · Ps 25:15 · Deut 4:19 · Job 31:26