Joshua 12:5
WEB
and ruled in Mount Hermon, and in Salecah, and in all Bashan, to the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.
BSB
He ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan up to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead to the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.
KJV
And reigned in mount Hermon, and in Salcah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurites and the Maachathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.
Matthew Henry
Hebrew interlinear
H4910
v — rule
Derivation: a primitive root;
to rule
KJV: (have, make to have) dominion, governor, × indeed, reign, (bear, cause to, have) rule(-ing, -r), have power.
vb — rule
מָשַׁל vb. rule, have dominion, reign
Qal
1. human subj., rule, have dominion over
2. of heavenly bodies
3. of God
Hiph. cause to rule; exercise dominion
H2022
n-m — mountain, range
Derivation: a shortened form of 2042;
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
KJV: hill (country), mount(-ain), × promotion.
n.m — mountain
הַר 568 n.m. mountain, hill, hill-country
1. mountain, hill
2. hill-country, mountain-region
H2768
n-pr-m — Chermon
Derivation: from 2763; abrupt;
Chermon, a mount of Palestine
KJV: Hermon.
n.pr.mont — Hermon
חֶרְמוֹן n.pr.mont. Hermon (sacred mountain)
H5548
n-pr-loc — Salcah
Derivation: from an unused root. meaning to walk; walking;
Salcah, a place East of the Jordan
KJV: Salcah, Salchah.
n.pr.loc — Salcah
סַלְכָה n.pr.loc. city on E. border of Bashan
H3605
n-m — whole, all, any, every
Derivation: or (Jeremiah 33:8) כּוֹל; from 3634;
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).
n.m — the whole
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
1. with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
2. Absolutely:
a. without the art., all things, all
b. with the art. הַכֹּל
(a). where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
(b). in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
H1316
n-pr-loc — Bashan
Derivation: of uncertain derivation;
Bashan (often with the article), a region East of the Jordan
KJV: Bashan.
n.pr.terr.m — Bashan
בָּשָׁן 60 n.pr.terr.m. (smooth (& fertile) land) Bashan, first mentioned as kingdom of Og, E. of Jordan, stretching from stream Jabboḳ (thus including northern Gilead) northward to Hermon, between Gennesaret (W) and mts of Hauran (E)
H5704
prep — as far, long, much, as, even unto, during, while, until, equally with
Derivation: properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or conjunction; especially with a preposition);
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
KJV: against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ( as) yet.
prep — as far as
עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while
I. prep.
1. of space
2. Of time
3. Of degree
II. conj.
1. until
2. While
3. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
III. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus
1. of space
2. Of time
3. Of degree
H1366
n-m — cord, twisted, boundary, territory
Derivation: or גְּבֻל; (shortened) from 1379;
properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed
KJV: border, bound, coast, × great, landmark, limit, quarter, space.
n.m — border
גְּבוּל 240 n.m. border, boundary, territory
1. border, boundary
2. territory (enclosed within boundary)
H1651
a — Geshurite
Derivation: patrial from 1650;
a Geshurite (also collectively) or inhabitants of Geshur
KJV: Geshuri, Geshurites.
adj.gent — Geshurite
גְּשׁוּרִי adj.gent.
1. people dwelling in Geshûr
2. a tribe of, or near, the Philistines
H4602
a — Maakathite
Derivation: patrial from 4601;
a Maakathite, or inhabitant of Maakah
KJV: Maachathite.
adj.gent — the Maachathites
מַעֲכָתִי adj.gent. of one of David’s heroes; of associate of Ishmael the Judean; coll. = the Maachathites
H2677
n-m — half, middle
Derivation: from 2673;
the half or middle
KJV: half, middle, mid(-night), midst, part, two parts.
n.m — half
חֲצִי 123 n.m. half
1. half of anything
2. middle … midnight
H1568
n-pr-loc n-pr-m — Gilad
Derivation: probably from 1567;
Gilad, a region East of the Jordan; also the name of three Israelites
KJV: Gilead, Gileadite.
n.pr.loc — Gilead
גִּלְעָד n.pr.loc. of mountain-range or hill-country, land & city, E. of Jordan
1. territory S. of Jabboḳ
2. Northern Gilead
3. more generally, of all Gilead
4. name of a city
5. of Israelites living E. of Jordan (as a whole)
6. treated as n.pr.m.
H5511
n-pr-m — Sichon
Derivation: or סִיחֹן; from the same as 5477; tempestuous;
Sichon, an Amoritish king
KJV: Sihon.
n.pr.m — Sihon
סִיחוֹן, סִחוֹן 35 n.pr.m. Sihon
H4428
n-m — king
Derivation: from 4427;
a king
KJV: king, royal.
n.m — king
מֶ֫לֶךְ 2513 n.m. king
H2809
n-pr-loc — Cheshbon
Derivation: the same as 2808;
Cheshbon, a place East of the Jordan
KJV: Heshbon.
n.pr.loc — Heshbon
חֶשְׁבּוֹן n.pr.loc. of the city of Sihon king of the Amorites
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Verses 1–6
Joshua 12:1–6
Joshua, or whoever else is the historian before he comes to sum up the new conquests Israel had made, in these verses receives their former conquests in Moses's time, under whom they became masters of the great and potent kingdoms of Sihon and Og. Note, Fresh mercies must not drown the remembrance of former mercies, nor must the glory of the present instruments of good to the church be suffered to eclipse and diminish the just honour of those who have gone before them, and who were the blessings and ornaments of their day. Joshua's services and achievements are confessedly great, but let not those under Moses be overlooked and forgotten, since God was the same who wrought both, and both put together proclaim him the Alpha and Omega of Israel's great salvation. Here is, 1. A description of this conquered country, the measure and bounds of it in general (Jos 12:1): From the river Arnon in the south, to Mount Hermon in the north. In particular, here is a description of the kingdom of Sihon (Jos 12:2, Jos 12:3), and that of Og, Jos 12:4, Jos 12:5. Moses had described this country very particularly (Deu 2:36; Deu 3:4, etc.), and this description here agrees with his. King Og is said to dwell at Ashtaroth and Edrei (Jos 12:4), probably because they were both his royal cities; he had palaces in both, and resided sometimes in one and sometimes in the other; one perhaps was his summer seat and the other his winter seat. But Israel took both from him, and made one grave to serve him that could not be content with one palace. 2. The distribution of this country. Moses assigned it to the two tribes and a half, at their request, and divided it among them (Jos 12:6), of which we had the story at large, Num. 32. The dividing of it when it was conquered by Moses is here mentioned as an example to Joshua what he must do now that he had conquered the country on this side Jordan. Moses, in his time, gave to one part of Israel a very rich and fruitful country, but it was on the outside of Jordan; but Joshua gave to all Israel the holy land, the mountain of God's sanctuary, within Jordan: so the law conferred upon some few of God's spiritual Israel external temporal blessings, which were earnests of good things to come; but our Lord Jesus, the true Joshua, has provided for all the children of promise spiritual blessings - the privileges of the sanctuary, and the heavenly Canaan. The triumphs and grants of the law were glorious, but those of the gospel far exceed in glory.
Cross-references: Josh 12:1 · Josh 12:2 · Josh 12:3 · Josh 12:4 · Josh 12:5 · Deut 2:36 · Deut 3:4 · Josh 12:6