Isaiah 37:30
WEB
“‘This shall be the sign to you: You will eat this year that which grows of itself, and in the second year that which springs from it; and in the third year sow and reap and plant vineyards, and eat their fruit.
BSB
And this will be a sign to you, O Hezekiah: This year you will eat what grows on its own, and in the second year what springs from the same. But in the third year you will sow and reap; you will plant vineyards and eat their fruit.
KJV
And this shall be a sign unto thee, Ye shall eat this year such as groweth of itself; and the second year that which springeth of the same: and in the third year sow ye, and reap, and plant vineyards, and eat the fruit thereof.
Matthew Henry
Hebrew interlinear
H2088
d — this, that
Derivation: a primitive word;
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
KJV: he, × hence, × here, it(-self), × now, × of him, the one...the other, × than the other, (× out of) the (self) same, such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on that side, × thus, very, which. Compare 2063, 2090, 2097, 2098.
demonstr.pron — this
זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here
1. standing alone
2. In appos. to subst.
3. More oft. as pred.
4. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
5. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
6. With prefixes (in special senses)
H226
n-f — signal, flag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence
Derivation: probably from 225 (in the sense of appearing);
a signal (literally or figuratively), as a flag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc.
KJV: mark, miracle, (en-) sign, token.
n.m — sign
אוֹת n.m. 79 Ex 4:8 (f. Jos 24:17) sign
1. sign, pledge, token
2. signs, omens promised by prophets as pledges of certain predicted events
3. sign, symbol of prophets
4. signs, miracles, as pledges or attestations of divine presence & interposition
5. signs, memorials
6. sign, pledge of covenant
7. ensigns, standards
8. signs, tokens of changes of weather & times
H398
v — eat
Derivation: a primitive root;
to eat (literally or figuratively)
KJV: × at all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up), feed (with), food, × freely, × in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay) meat, × quite.
vb — eat
אָכַל 806 vb. eat
Qal
1. eat, human subject
2. of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour
3. fig. of fire, devour, consume
4. of sword, devour, slay
5. in genl., devour, consume, destroy
6. fig. of oppression, devour the poor
Niph.
1. be eaten by man
2. be devoured by fire, consumed
3. be wasted, destroyed, of flesh
Pu. be consumed
Hiph.
1. cause to eat, feed with
2. cause to devoure, obj. sword
H8141
n-f — year, revolution
Derivation: (in plural or (feminine) שָׁנָה; from 8138;
a year (as a revolution of time)
KJV: whole age, × long, old, year(× -ly).
n.f — year
שָׁנָה 877 n.f. year (etym. v. √[v.ek.aa])
H5599
n-m — falling, self-sown, freshet
Derivation: from 5596;
something (spontaneously) falling off, i.e. a self-sown crop; figuratively, a freshet
KJV: (such) things as (which) grow (of themselves), which groweth of its own accord (itself).
n.[m.] — growth from spilled kernels
סָפִיחַ n.[m.] growth from spilled kernels
n.[m.] — outpouring
[סָפִיחַ] n.[m.] outpouring(?)
H8145
n — double, second, again
Derivation: from 8138;
properly, double, i.e. second; also adverbially, again
KJV: again, either (of them), (an-) other, second (time).
m — second
שֵׁנִי m. שֵׁנִית f. 157 adj.num.ord. second
H7823
n-m — after-growth
Derivation: or סָחִישׁ; from an unused root apparently meaning to sprout;
after-growth
KJV: (that) which springeth of the same.
n.[m.] — after-growth
סָחִישׁ n.[m.] grain that shoots up of itself in 2nd year (= שָׁחִיס)
H7992
a — third, third, third, third-story cell)
Derivation: ordinal from 7969;
third; feminine a third (part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a third-story cell)
KJV: third (part, rank, time), three (years old).
m — third
שְׁלִישִׁי m. שְׁלִישִׁית f. adj.num.ord. 108 third
H2232
v — sow, disseminate, plant, fructify
Derivation: a primitive root;
to sow; figuratively, to disseminate, plant, fructify
KJV: bear, conceive seed, set with sow(-er), yield.
vb — sow
זָרַע vb. sow, scatter seed
Qal
1. lit. sow
2. of shrub and tree producing, yielding seed
3. fig.
Niph. be sown, fructified
1. be sown
2. be fructified, made pregnant
Pu. of princes and judges under fig. of trees
Hiph.
1. produce seed
2. of a woman, = bear a child
H7114
v — dock off, curtail, harvest
Derivation: a primitive root;
to dock off, i.e. curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
KJV: × at all, cut down, much discouraged, grieve, harvestman, lothe, mourn, reap(-er), (be, wax) short(-en, -er), straiten, trouble, vex.
vb — be short
[קָצֵר], I. קָצַר vb. be short
Qal be short
Pi. shorten
Hiph. id.
H5193
v — strike, fix, plant
Derivation: a primitive root;
properly, to strike in, i.e. fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively)
KJV: fastened, plant(-er).
vb — plant
נָטַע vb. plant
Qal
1. plant
2. plant, fig. = establish
Niph. be planted, fig., = be established.
H3754
n-m — garden, vineyard
Derivation: from an unused root of uncertain meaning;
a garden or vineyard
KJV: vines, (increase of the) vineyard(-s), vintage. See also 1021.
n.m — vineyard
כֶּרֶם 92 n.m. (f.) vineyard
H6529
n-m — fruit
Derivation: from 6509;
fruit (literally or figuratively)
KJV: bough, (first-)fruit(-ful), reward.
n.m — fruit
פְּרִי 119 n.m. fruit
1. fruit of the ground, of produce in gen.
2. = offspring, fruit of womb
3. fig. of fruit of actions, i.e. their consequences
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Verses 21–38
Isaiah 37:21–38
We may here observe, 1. That those who receive messages of terror from men with patience, and send messages of faith to God by prayer, may expect messages of grace and peace from God for their comfort, even when they are most cast down. Isaiah sent a long answer to Hezekiah's prayer in God's name, sent it in writing (for it was too long to be sent by word of mouth), and sent it by way of return to his prayer, relation being thereunto had: "Whereas thou hast prayed to me, know, for thy comfort, that thy prayer is heard." Isaiah might have referred him to the prophecies he had delivered (particularly that ch. 10) and bid him pick out an answer from thence; but, that he might have abundant consolation, a message is sent him on purpose. The correspondence between earth and heaven is never let fall on God's side. 2. Those who magnify themselves, especially who magnify themselves against God and his people, do really vilify themselves, and made themselves contemptible, in the eyes of all wise men: "The virgin, the daughter of Zion, has despised Sennacherib, and all his impotent malice and menaces; she knows that, while she preserves her integrity, she is sure of the divine protection, and that though the enemy may bark he cannot bite. All his threats are a jest; it is all but brutum fulmen - a mere flash," 3. Those who abuse the people of God affront God himself; and he takes what is said and done against them as said and done against himself: "Whom hast thou reproached? Even the Holy One of Israel, whom thou hast therefore reproached because he is a Holy One." And it aggravated the indignity Sennacherib did to God that he not only reproached him himself, but set his servants on to do the same: By thy servants, the abjects, thou hast reproached me. 4. Those who boast of themselves and their own achievements reflect upon God and his providence: "Thou hast said, I have digged, and drunk water; I have done mighty feats, and will do more; and wilt not own that I have done it," Isa 37:24-26. The most active men are no more than God makes them, and God makes them no more than of old he designed to make them: "What I have formed of ancient times, in an eternal counsel, now have I brought to pass" (for God does all according to the counsel of his will), "that thou shouldst be to lay waste defenced cities; it is therefore intolerable arrogance to make it thy own doing." 5. All the malice, and all the motions and projects, of the church's enemies, are under the cognizance and check of the church's God. Sennacherib was active and quick, here, and there, and every where, but God knew his going out and coming in, and had always an eye upon him, Isa 37:28. And that was not all; he had a hand upon him too, a strict hand, a strong hand, a hook in his nose and a bridle in his lips, with which, though he was very headstrong and unruly, he could and would turn him back by the way which he came, Isa 37:29. Hitherto he shall come and no further. God had signed Sennacherib's commission against Judah (Isa 10:6); here he supersedes it. He has frightened them, but he must not hurt them, and therefore is discharged from going any further; nay, his commitment is here signed, by which he is clapped up, to answer for what he had done beyond his commission. 6. God is his people's bountiful benefactor, as well as their powerful protector, both a sun and a shield to those that trust in him. Jerusalem shall be defended (Isa 37:35), the besiegers shall not come into it, no, nor come before it with any regular attack, but they shall be routed before they begin the siege, Isa 37:33. But this is not all; God will return in mercy to his people, and will do them good. Their land shall be more than ordinarily fruitful, so that their losses shall be abundantly repaired; they shall not feel any of the ill effects either of the enemies' wasting the country or of their own being taken off from husbandry. But the earth, as at first, shall bring forth of itself, and they shall live and live plentifully upon its spontaneous productions. The blessing of the Lord can, when he pleases, make rich without the hand of the diligent. And let them not think that the desolations of their country would excuse them from observing the sabbatical year, which happened (as it should seem) the year after, and when they were not to plough or sow; no, though they had not now their usual stock beforehand for that year, yet they must religiously observe it, and depend upon God to provide for them. God must be trusted in the way of duty. 7. There is no standing before the judgments of God when they come with commission. (1.) The greatest numbers cannot stand before them: one angel shall, in one night, lay a vast army of men dead upon the spot, when God commissions him so to do, Isa 37:36. Here are 185,000 brave soldiers in an instant turned into so many dead corpses. Many think the 76th Psalm was penned upon occasion of this defeat, where from the spoiling of the stout-hearted, and sending them to sleep their long sleep (Isa 37:5), it is inferred that God is more glorious and excellent than the mountains of prey (Isa 37:4), and that he, even he, is to be feared, Isa 37:7. Angels are employed, more than we are aware of, as ministers of God's justice, to punish the pride and break the power of wicked men. (2.) The greatest men cannot stand before them: The great king, the king of Assyria, looks very little when he is forced to return, not only with shame, because he cannot accomplish what he had projected with so much assurance, but with terror and fear, lest the angel that had destroyed his army should destroy him; yet he is made to look less when his own sons, who should have guarded him, sacrificed him to his idol, whose protection he sought, Isa 37:37, Isa 37:38. God can quickly stop their breath who breathe out threatenings and slaughter against his people, and will do it when they have filled up the measure of their iniquity; and the Lord is known by these judgments which he executes, known to be a God that resists the proud. Many prophecies were fulfilled in this providence, which should encourage us, as far as they look further, and are designed as common and general assurances of the safety of the church and of all that trust in God, to depend upon God for the accomplishment of them. He that has delivered does and will deliver. Lord, forgive our enemies; but, so let all thy enemies perish, O Lord!
Cross-references: Isa 37:24 · Isa 37:28 · Isa 37:29 · Isa 10:6 · Isa 37:35 · Isa 37:33 · Isa 37:36 · Isa 37:5 · Isa 37:4 · Isa 37:7 · Isa 37:37 · Isa 37:38