PRO 13

Proverbs 13:20

WEB

One who walks with wise men grows wise, but a companion of fools suffers harm.

BSB

He who walks with the wise will become wise, but the companion of fools will be destroyed.

KJV

He that walketh with wise men shall be wise: but a companion of fools shall be destroyed.

Matthew Henry

Verse 20

Proverbs 13:20

Note, 1. Those that would be good must keep good company, which is an evidence for them that they would be good (men's character is known by the company they choose) and will be a means of making them good, of showing them the way and of quickening and encouraging them in it. He that would be himself wise must walk with those that are so, must choose such for his intimate acquaintance, and converse with them accordingly; must ask and receive instruction from them, and keep up pious and profitable talk with them. Miss not the discourse of the elders, for they also learned of their fathers, Ecclesiasticus 8:9. And (Ecclesiasticus 6:35), Be willing to hear every godly discourse, and let not the parables of understanding escape thee. 2. Multitudes are brought to ruin by bad company: A companion of fools shall be broken (so some), shall be known (so the Septuagint), known to be a fool; noscitur ex socio - he is known by his company. He will be like them (so some), will be made wicked (so others); it comes all to one, for all those, and those only, that make themselves wicked, will be destroyed, and those that associate with evil-doers are debauched, and so undone, and at last ascribe their death to it.

Hebrew interlinear

H1980

הָלַךְhâlak/haw-lak'/

v — walk

Derivation: akin to 3212; a primitive root;

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

KJV: (all) along, apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant, depart, be eased, enter, exercise (self), follow, forth, forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on, out, up and down), greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead, march, × more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away), be at the point, quite, run (along), send, speedily, spread, still, surely, tale-bearer, travel(-ler), walk (abroad, on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax, (way-) faring man, × be weak, whirl.

הָלַךְ

vb — go

הָלַךְ 1546 vb. go, come, walk

Qal Impf. usually (629 t.) as if from ילך

I. lit.

1. of persons

2. Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations

3. in like manner of inanimate things

4. The inf. abs. is often used

a. as in other vbs., quite independently

b. to intensify meaning of finite form

c. most noteworthy is the joining of the Inf. abs.

(1). with a following Inf. abs. denoting a simutaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance

(2). with a foll. vb. fin. c. ו consec. (rare)

(3). in cases where vb. fin. is foll. by Inf. abs. adj. denoting progress, advance

(4). twice, where vb. fin. is not הלך, but another vb. denoting motion

(5). quite by itself

(6). 13 t. the Inf. abs. = Imv. & is followed by Pf. consec.

d. akin to the use of Inf. abs. are some instances of Pt.

5. In combination with other verbal forms

II. Fig.; the most common uses follow; in most the origin in a literal meaning is evident:

1. pass away, die

2. live (‘walk’), in general

3. of moral and religious life

4. other fig. uses

Pi. (chiefly poet. and late)

1. walk in or with a throng

2. also of walking about = living

3. depart, go entirely away

4. fig. of mode of life, action, etc.

Hithp. walk, walk about, move to and fro

Hiph.

1. lead, bring

2. lead away

3. carry, bring

4. fig. of influence on character

5.

a. cause to walk, go

b. cause to flow, run

c. cause to depart, retire, go back

H854

אֵתʼêth/ayth/

prep — nearness, near, with, by, at, among

Derivation: probably from 579;

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc.

KJV: against, among, before, by, for, from, in(-to), (out) of, with. Often with another prepositional prefix.

אֵת

prep — with

אֵת, prep. with—prep. denoting proximity

1. Of companionship, together with

2. Of localities

3. אֵת פּ׳ denotes specially

a. in one's possession or keeping

b. in one's knowledge or memory

4. מֵאֵת from proximity with

Note. אֵת expresses closer association than עִם: hence while מֵעִם sts. denotes hardly more than from the surroundings or belongings of, מֵאֵת expresses from close proximity to.

H2450

חָכָםchâkâm/khaw-kawm'/

a — wise

Derivation: from 2449;

wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or artful)

KJV: cunning (man), subtil, (un-), wise((hearted), man).

חָכָם

adj — wise

חָכָם adj. wise

1. skilful in technical work

2. wise in the administration of affairs

3. shrewd, crafty, cunning

4. pl. class of learned and shrewd men, incl. astrologers, magicians and the like

5. prudent

6. wise, ethically and religiously

H2449

חָכַםchâkam/khaw-kam'/

v — be wise

Derivation: a primitive root,

to be wise (in mind, word or act)

KJV: × exceeding, teach wisdom, be (make self, shew self) wise, deal (never so) wisely, make wiser.

חָכַם

vb — be wise

חָכַם vb. be wise

Qal be or become wise, act wisely

Pi. make wise, teach wisdom

Pu. made wise, intensive, as it were the embodiment of wisdom

Hiph. making wise the simple

Hithp. let us deal wisely (shrewdly) toward it (the people); make or shew thyself wise

H7462

רָעָהrâʻâh/raw-aw'/

v — tend, pasture, graze, rule, associate

Derivation: a primitive root;

to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a friend)

KJV: × break, companion, keep company with, devour, eat up, evil entreat, feed, use as a friend, make friendship with, herdman, keep (sheep) (-er), pastor, shearing house, shepherd, wander, waste.

בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים

n.pr.loc — shearing house

בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים perh. n.pr.loc. (binding-house of the shepherds) 2 K 10:12

רָעָה

vb. denom — be a special friend

[רָעָה] vb. denom. Pi. be a special friend;—Ju 14:20

רָעָה

vb — associate with

[רָעָה] vb. prob. associate with

Qal cherish faithfulness

Hithp. do not make companionship with a bad-tempered man

רָעָה

vb — pasture

רָעָה 167 vb. pasture, tend, graze

Qal

1. trans.

2. intrans.

Niph. poss.

Hiph. v.

H3684

כְּסִילkᵉçîyl/kes-eel'/

n-m — fat, stupid, silly

Derivation: from 3688;

properly, fat, i.e. (figuratively) stupid or silly

KJV: fool(-ish).

כְּסִיל

n.m — stupid fellow

כְּסִיל 70 n.m. stupid fellow, dullard, fool

H7489

רָעַעrâʻaʻ/raw-ah'/

v — spoil, make, be, good for nothing, bad

Derivation: a primitive root;

properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing, i.e. bad (physically, socially or morally)

KJV: afflict, associate selves (by mistake for 7462), break (down, in pieces), displease, (be, bring, do) evil (doer, entreat, man), show self friendly (by mistake for 7462), do harm, (do) hurt, (behave self, deal) ill, × indeed, do mischief, punish, still, vex, (do) wicked (doer, -ly), be (deal, do) worse.

רָעַע

vb. denom — be evil

[רָעַע] 98 vb. denom. be evil, bad

Qal

1. be displeasing

2. be sad

3. be injurious, evil

4. be evil, wicked, ethically

Niph. suffer hurt

Hiph. 70

1. do an injury, hurt

2. do evil, wickedly

רָעַע

vb — break

[רָעַע] vb. break

Qal

1. trans. can one break iron, iron out of the north ?

2. intrans. break = be broken

Hithpō‛. the earth is broken asunder

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