Numbers 4:23
WEB
you shall count them from thirty years old and upward until fifty years old: all who enter in to wait on the service, to do the work in the Tent of Meeting.
BSB
from thirty to fifty years old, counting everyone who comes to serve in the work at the Tent of Meeting.
KJV
From thirty years old and upward until fifty years old shalt thou number them; all that enter in to perform the service, to do the work in the tabernacle of the congregation.
Matthew Henry
Hebrew interlinear
H1121
n-m — son
Derivation: from 1129;
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
KJV: afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ( ) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, (young) bullock, (young) calf, × came up in, child, colt, × common, × corn, daughter, × of first, firstborn, foal, very fruitful, postage, × in, kid, lamb, ( ) man, meet, mighty, nephew, old, ( ) people, rebel, robber, × servant born, × soldier, son, spark, steward, stranger, × surely, them of, tumultuous one, valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
n.m — son
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
1. son, male child, born of a woman
2. children (male and female)
3. youth, young men
4. the young of animals
5. of plant shoots
6. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
7.
a. member of a guild, order or class
b. of animals son of (the) herd
8. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
9. n. relat. of age
n.pr.m — his son
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
H7970
n-m — thirty, thirtieth
Derivation: or שְׁלֹשִׁים; multiple of 7969;
thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
KJV: thirty, thirtieth. Compare 7991.
n.indecl — thirty
שְׁלֹשִׁים (very seldom שְׁלוֹשִׁים, שְׁלֹשִׁם) 174 n.indecl. thirty
1. bef. n. sg.
2. as ordin.
H8141
n-f — year, revolution
Derivation: (in plural or (feminine) שָׁנָה; from 8138;
a year (as a revolution of time)
KJV: whole age, × long, old, year(× -ly).
n.f — year
שָׁנָה 877 n.f. year (etym. v. √[v.ek.aa])
H4605
adv — upper part, upward, above, overhead, from the top
Derivation: from 5927;
properly,the upper part, used only adverbially with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top, etc.
KJV: above, exceeding(-ly), forward, on (× very) high, over, up(-on, -ward), very.
subst — higher part
מַ֫עַל 140 subst., higher part, only in adv. and prep. phrases, above, upward
H5704
prep — as far, long, much, as, even unto, during, while, until, equally with
Derivation: properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or conjunction; especially with a preposition);
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
KJV: against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ( as) yet.
prep — as far as
עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while
I. prep.
1. of space
2. Of time
3. Of degree
II. conj.
1. until
2. While
3. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
III. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus
1. of space
2. Of time
3. Of degree
H2572
n — fifty
Derivation: multiple of 2568;
fifty
KJV: fifty.
n.pl — fifty
חֲמִשִּׁים 164 n.pl. (a) fifty
H6485
v n-m — visit, oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit
Derivation: a primitive root;
to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc.
KJV: appoint, × at all, avenge, bestow, (appoint to have the, give a) charge, commit, count, deliver to keep, be empty, enjoin, go see, hurt, do judgment, lack, lay up, look, make, × by any means, miss, number, officer, (make) overseer, have (the) oversight, punish, reckon, (call to) remember(-brance), set (over), sum, × surely, visit, want.
vb — attend to
פָּקַד 303 vb. attend to, visit, muster, appoint
Qal
A.
1.
a. pay attention to, observe (with care, practical interest)
b. attend to, in act, see to
c. seek (with interest, desire)
d. seek in vain, need, miss, lack
2. specif. visit, c. acc., for different purposes
3. c. עַל pers., visit upon
4. pass in review, muster (nearly = number), c. acc.
B. appoint
Niph.
1. be (sought, i.e. needed) missed, lacking
2. be visited (graciously)
3. be visited upon, עַל pers.
4. be appointed
Pi. (intens.) muster a host
Pu. be passed in review; be caused to miss, deprived
Hithp. be mustered
Hothp. id.
Hiph.
1. c. acc. pers. set (over), make overseer
2. c. acc. rei (implic.)
a. commit, entrust
b. deposit
Hoph.
1. be visited in punishment
2. be deposited
3. be made overseer
n.pl.[m.] abstr — musterings
[פְּקוּדִים] n.pl.[m.] abstr. musterings, i.e. expenses;—cstr. Ex 38:21
H853
prt — self, even, namely
Derivation: apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of entity;
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
KJV: [as such unrepresented in English].
mark of the accusative
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
H3605
n-m — whole, all, any, every
Derivation: or (Jeremiah 33:8) כּוֹל; from 3634;
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).
n.m — the whole
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
1. with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
2. Absolutely:
a. without the art., all things, all
b. with the art. הַכֹּל
(a). where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
(b). in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
H935
v — go, come
Derivation: a primitive root;
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
KJV: abide, apply, attain, × be, befall, besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, × certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, × doubtless again, eat, employ, (cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be fallen, fetch, follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war), grant, have, × indeed, (in-) vade, lead, lift (up), mention, pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, × (well) stricken (in age), × surely, take (in), way.
vb — come in
בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go
Qal
1. come in
2. come (approach, arrive)
3. go, i.e. walk, associate with
4. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
Hiph.
1. cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
2. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
Hoph.
a. be brought in (of pers. and things)
b. be brought
c. be introduced, put
H6633
v — mass
Derivation: a primitive root;
to mass (an army or servants)
KJV: assemble, fight, perform, muster, wait upon, war.
vb — wage war
[צָבָא] vb. wage war, serve
Qal
1. wage war, fight
2. serve at sacred tent
Hiph. muster
H6635
n-m — mass, army, campaign, hardship, worship
Derivation: or (feminine) צְבָאָה; from 6633;
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically, hardship, worship)
KJV: appointed time, ( ) army, ( ) battle, company, host, service, soldiers, waiting upon, war(-fare).
n.m — army
צָבָא 485 n.m. army, war, warfare
1. army, host
2. war, warfare, service
3. service
4. צְבָאוֹת, in name of י׳ as God of war, prob. first in time of warlike David (some connect with sacred ark, but ark older)
H5647
v — work, serve, till, enslave
Derivation: a primitive root;
to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc.
KJV: × be, keep in bondage, be bondmen, bond-service, compel, do, dress, ear, execute, husbandman, keep, labour(-ing man, bring to pass, (cause to, make to) serve(-ing, self), (be, become) servant(-s), do (use) service, till(-er), transgress (from margin), (set a) work, be wrought, worshipper,
vb — work
עָבַד 290 vb. work, serve
Qal
1. labour, work, do work
2. work for another, serve him by labour
3. serve as subjects
4. serve God
5. serve י׳ with Levitical service
Niph.
1. be tilled, of land
2. dub. cultivated field
Pu. worked
Hiph.
1. compel to labour as slaves
2. make to serve as subjects
3. cause to serve God
Hoph. be led or enticed to serve
H5656
n-f — work
Derivation: or עֲבוֹדָה; from 5647;
work of any kind
KJV: act, bondage, bondservant, effect, labour, ministering(-try), office, service(-ile, -itude), tillage, use, work, × wrought.
n.f — labour
עֲבֹדָה, and (Chr) עֲבוֹדָה 146 n.f. labour, service
1. labour, work
2. labour of servant or slave
3. labour, service of captives or subjects
4. service of God
H168
n-m — tent
Derivation: from 166;
a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
KJV: covering, (dwelling) (place), home, tabernacle, tent.
n.m — Ohel
אֹ֫הֶל 343 n.m. tent
1. tent of nomad
2. dwelling, habitation
3. the sacred tent used in worship of God
H4150
n-m — appointment, time, festival, year, assembly, congregation, place of meeting, signal
Derivation: or מֹעֵד; or (feminine) מוֹעָדָה; (2 Chronicles 8:13), from 3259;
properly, an appointment, i.e. a fixed time or season; specifically, a festival; conventionally a year; by implication, an assembly (as convened for a definite purpose); technically the congregation; by extension, the place of meeting; also a signal (as appointed beforehand)
KJV: appointed (sign, time), (place of, solemn) assembly, congregation, (set, solemn) feast, (appointed, due) season, solemn(-ity), synogogue, (set) time (appointed).
n.m — appointed time
מוֹעֵד 223 n.m. appointed time, place, meeting
1. appointed time
2. appointed meeting
3. appointed place
4. appointed sign, signal
5. tent of meeting
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Verses 21–33
Numbers 4:21–33
We have here the charge of the other two families of the Levites, which, though not so honourable as the first, yet was necessary, and was to be done regularly. 1. The Gershonites were charged with all the drapery of the tabernacle, the curtains, and hangings, and the coverings of badgers' skins, Num 4:22-26. These they were to take down when the cloud removed, and the ark and the rest of the holy things were carried away, to pack up and bring with them, and then to set up again, where the cloud rested. Aaron and his sons allotted to them their respective charge: "You shall take care of such a curtain, and you of such a hanging, that every one may know his work, and there may be no confusion," Num 4:27. Ithamar particularly was to take the oversight of them, Num 4:28. 2. The Merarites were charged with the heavy carriage, the boards and bars, the pillars and sockets, the pins and cords, and these were delivered to them by name, Num 4:31, Num 4:32. An inventory was given them of every particular, that it might be forthcoming, and nothing to seek, when the tabernacle was to be set up again. Though these seemed of less importance than the other things pertaining to the sanctuary, yet there was this care taken of them, to teach us with the greatest exactness to preserve pure and entire all divine institutions, and to take care that nothing be lost. It also intimates the care God takes of his church, and every member of it; the good Shepherd calls his own sheep by name, Joh 10:3. Here were thousands of men employed about these services, though a much less number would have served for the bearing of those burdens; but it was requisite that the tabernacle should be taken down, and set up, with great expedition, and many hands would make quick work, especially when every one knew his work. They had tents of their own to take care of, and to take along with them, but the young men under thirty, and the old men above fifty, might serve for them; nor is there any mention of them, for God's house must always be preferred before our own. Their care was preposterous who built and ceiled their own houses while God's house lay waste, Hag 1:4, Hag 1:9. The death of the saints is represented as the taking down of the tabernacle (Co2 5:1), and the putting of it off, Pe2 1:14. The immortal soul, like the most holy things, is first covered and taken away, carried by angels, unseen, under the inspection of the Lord Jesus, our Eleazar. Care is also taken of the body - the skin and flesh, which are as the curtains, the bones and sinews which are as the bars and pillars; none of these shall be lost; commandment is given concerning the bones, a covenant made with the dust; these are in safe custody, and shall all be produced in the great day, when this tabernacle shall be set up again, and these vile bodies made like the glorious body of Jesus Christ.
Cross-references: Num 4:22 · Num 4:27 · Num 4:28 · Num 4:31 · Num 4:32 · John 10:3 · Hag 1:4 · Hag 1:9 · 2Cor 5:1 · 2Pet 1:14