Job 31
BSB
Job’s Final Appeal
1“I have made a covenant with my eyes.
How then could I gaze with desire at a virgin?
2For what is the allotment of God from above,
or the heritage from the Almighty on high?
3Does not disaster come to the unjust
and calamity to the workers of iniquity?
4Does He not see my ways
and count my every step?
5If I have walked in falsehood
or my foot has rushed to deceit,
6let God weigh me with honest scales,
that He may know my integrity.
7If my steps have turned from the path,
if my heart has followed my eyes,
or if impurity has stuck to my hands,
8then may another eat what I have sown,
and may my crops be uprooted.
9If my heart has been enticed by my neighbor’s wife,
or I have lurked at his door,
10then may my own wife grind grain for another,
and may other men sleep with her.
11For that would be a heinous crime,
an iniquity to be judged.
12For it is a fire that burns down to Abaddon;
it would root out my entire harvest.
13If I have rejected the cause of my manservant or maidservant
when they made a complaint against me,
14what will I do when God rises to judge?
How will I answer when called to account?
15Did not He who made me in the womb also make them?
Did not the same One form us in the womb?
16If I have denied the desires of the poor
or allowed the widow’s eyes to fail,
17if I have eaten my morsel alone,
not sharing it with the fatherless—
18though from my youth I reared him as would a father,
and from my mother’s womb I guided the widow—
19if I have seen one perish for lack of clothing,
or a needy man without a cloak,
20if his heart has not blessed me
for warming him with the fleece of my sheep,
21if I have lifted up my hand against the fatherless
because I saw that I had support in the gate,
22then may my arm fall from my shoulder
and be torn from its socket.
23For calamity from God terrifies me,
and His splendor I cannot overpower.
24If I have put my trust in gold
or called pure gold my security,
25if I have rejoiced in my great wealth
because my hand had gained so much,
26if I have beheld the sun in its radiance
or the moon moving in splendor,
27so that my heart was secretly enticed
and my hand threw a kiss from my mouth,
28this would also be an iniquity to be judged,
for I would have denied God on high.
29If I have rejoiced in my enemy’s ruin,
or exulted when evil befell him—
30I have not allowed my mouth to sin
by asking for his life with a curse—
31if the men of my house have not said,
‘Who is there who has not had his fill?’—
32but no stranger had to lodge on the street,
for my door has been open to the traveler—
33if I have covered my transgressions like Adam
by hiding my guilt in my heart,
34because I greatly feared the crowds
and the contempt of the clans terrified me,
so that I kept silent
and would not go outside—
35(Oh, that I had one to hear me!
Here is my signature.
Let the Almighty answer me;
let my accuser compose an indictment.
36Surely I would carry it on my shoulder
and wear it like a crown.
37I would give account of all my steps;
I would approach Him like a prince.)—
38if my land cries out against me
and its furrows weep together,
39if I have devoured its produce without payment
or broken the spirit of its tenants,
40then let briers grow instead of wheat
and stinkweed instead of barley.”
Thus conclude the words of Job.
Introduction
Job 31
Job had often protested his integrity in general; here he does it in particular instances, not in a way of commendation (for he does not here proclaim his good deeds), but in his own just and necessary vindication, to clear himself from those crimes with which his friends had falsely charged him, which is a debt every man owes to his own reputation. Job's friends had been particular in their articles of impeachment against him, and therefore he is so in his protestation, which seems to refer especially to what Eliphaz had accused him of, Job 22:6, etc. They had produced no witnesses against him, neither could they prove the things whereof they now accused him, and therefore he may well be admitted to purge himself upon oath, which he does very solemnly, and with many awful imprecations of God's wrath if he were guilty of those crimes. This protestation confirms God's character of him, that there was none like him in the earth. Perhaps some of his accusers durst not have joined with him; for he not only acquits himself from those gross sins which lie open to the eye of the world, but from many secret sins which, if he had been guilty of them, nobody could have charged him, with, because he will prove himself no hypocrite. Nor does he only maintain the cleanness of his practices, but shows also that in them he went upon good principles, that the reason of his eschewing evil was because he feared God, and his piety was at the bottom of his justice and charity; and this crowns the proof of his sincerity. I. The sins from which he here acquits himself are, 1. Wantonness and uncleanness of heart (Job 31:1-4). 2. Fraud and injustice in commerce (Job 31:4-8). 3. Adultery (Job 31:9-12). 4. Haughtiness and severity towards his servants (Job 31:13-15). 5. Unmercifulness to the poor, the widows, and the fatherless (Job 31:16-23). 6. Confidence in his worldly wealth (Job 31:24, Job 31:25). 7. Idolatry (Job 31:26-28). 8. Revenge (Job 31:29-31). 9. Neglect of poor strangers (Job 31:32). 10. Hypocrisy in concealing his own sins and cowardice in conniving at the sins of others (Job 31:33, Job 31:34). 11. Oppression, and the violent invasion of other people's rights (Job 31:38-40). And towards the close, he appeals to God's judgment concerning his integrity (Job 31:35-37). Now, II. In all this we may see, 1. The sense of the patriarchal age concerning good and evil and what was so long ago condemned as sinful, that is, both hateful and hurtful. 2. A noble pattern of piety and virtue proposed to us for our imitation, which, if our consciences can witness for us that we conform to it, will be our rejoicing, as it was Job's in the day of evil.
Cross-references: Job 22:6 · Job 31:1 · Job 31:4 · Job 31:9 · Job 31:13 · Job 31:16 · Job 31:24 · Job 31:25 · Job 31:26 · Job 31:29 · Job 31:32 · Job 31:33 · Job 31:34 · Job 31:38 · Job 31:35